Study on Landscape Pattern Changes of the Upper Reaches of the Yellow River during 2000 to 2011——A Case Study of Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai

By using TM remote sensing image data in 2000 and 2011 and a variety of landscape pattern analysis methods，the landscape pattern changes of Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Hainan in nearly 11 years were studied in terms of the changes of landscape structure，transformation characteristics，fragmentation and diversity characteristics，etc．The results showed that:(1) Grassland was the main landscape type in the whole Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Hainan region．The cultivated land，forest land，artificial land and unused land had increased，and grassland，water area had reduced during 2000 to 2011．The number of landscape type plaque totally increased 1155 in the recent 11 years．All kinds of landscape types had great difference on the spatial distribution．(2) Landscape transformation area reached 2022.13km²，and the grassland transformed the most，and the artificial land transformed the least in Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Hainan during 2000 to 2011．There was a conclusion that grassland had the highest contribution rate on the transformation of various types of landscape during 2000 to 2011．(3) Respectively from the view of patch types and landscape scale，the landscape disturbance degree，the fragmentation degree and the degree of the landscape spatial heterogeneity were increased，while the degree of reunion was reduced，and diversity and dominance index were also significantly reduced in Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Hainan during 2000 to 2011．