Abstract: In order to research the actual use of lightning protection and grounding protection in the subway system and provide a safe and comfortable environment, this paper analyzed the lightning protection and the grounding system of the subway system and subway station. Through the analysis of grounding types, grounding modes and grounding environment of subway station grounding equipment, this paper pointed out the grounding system of subway equipment should adopt the common grounding mode and proposed grounding determination principle and precautions in the common grounding mode. By exploring insulation with grounding electrode from outside, the metal roofing lightning protection, the spacing of grounding connection point and other related issues, this paper proposed a more reasonable solution.