Abstract: In view of the observing requirement for the 3rd Tibetan Plateau Atmospheric Scientific Experiment (TIPEX Ⅲ) in China, it is analyzed the important significance, key technology and major objective to optimize comprehensive meteorological observation system on Tibetan Plateau and surrounding areas from the aspects of scientific problems, previous scientific experiment and observing design-layout in the plateau meteorology.And the layout plan and establishing scheme of the observation system have been put forward.It lays the observing foundation for the TIPEX Ⅲ in China.