近30年青藏高原上空大气温度变化特征

Analysis of Temporal and Spatial Characteristics about Upper-air Temperature over Tibetan Plateau during Last 30 Years

摘要: 根据青藏高原地区16个探空站近30a (1979~2008年)的月平均温度资料对该地区高空年、季平均温度演变特征进行了分析。结果表明:(1)高原上空年、季平均温度均具有较高的空间一致性,其中夏季的一致性特征最弱;(2)高原上空250hPa层及以下和50hPa层及以上平均温度的季节变化特征为冬季最冷、夏季最热,100~70hPa层与其相反;(3)近30a来高原地区对流层中上层(500~250hPa)年平均温度是上升的,对流层上层至平流层下层(150hPa层及以上)以降温为主,高层的降温普遍始于1984年,且变冷显著。

Abstract: The annual and seasonal characteristics about upper-air temperature in Tibetan Plateau are analyzed on the basis of monthly mean radiosonde records of 16 meteorological stations from 1979 to 2008.The results show that the spatial characteristic of annual mean upper-air temperature is high consistent with that of season over Tibetan Plateau, and in summer it is the weakest.Annual and seasonal characteristics of mean upper-air temperature show that January is the coldest and July is the warmest from 500 to 250hPa and from 30 to 20hPa, while it is contrary from 100 to 70hPa.Annual mean temperature from 500 to 250hPa is rising, while that up 150hPa is falling.The falling, dated from 1984, is significant.