南支气流对高原低涡移出高原影响的数值试验
Numerical Tests on Impact of Southwest Airflow upon Tibetan Vortex Migration
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摘要: 本文在对2000年以来移出青藏高原后活动时间长的高原低涡活动过程,进行对流层中层南支气流对高原低涡移出高原的影响的观测事实分析基础上,通过对2001年6月1~5日索县低涡移出高原活动的数值模拟和试验分析,得出了在高原低涡以南的南支气流减弱或者是没有南风或者是没有南风脉动的影响,会使低涡移出高原的速度减慢,移出高原12小时后减弱消失。低涡以南的南支气流起到了向低涡区输送水汽通量、正涡度平流的作用,提供利于低涡活动持续的条件。从而丰富了高原低涡东移的认识,为高原低涡洪涝暴雨的预报提供了科学依据。Abstract: Tibetan Plateau Vortices (TPV), when moving eastward out of the plateau, usually cause catastrophic weather in East China.This study analyzes the effect of southwesterly wind along the south periphery of Tibetan Plateau (often called the south branch of the subtropical westerly jet) on five such vortices moving eastward out of the plateau (with their lifespan >48 hrs downstream) by numerical simulations of one case with a mesoscale model.Evidence suggests that i) weak Southwesterlies or lack of Southerly pulse in certain area would slow down eastward migration of a plateau vortex, weaken its intensity and make it disappear within 12 hours;ii) The Southwesterlies plays a role in transportation of both vapor and positive vorticity advection, which are favorable for a vortex to sustain a longer time.These numerical tests not only enrich our knowledge of plateau vortices' eastward movement but also provide us guidance to the prediction of heavy rain and flood in the southwestern China.