四川省长序列区域气象站降水数据质量分析

Quality Analysis of Long-term Precipitation Data of Regional Meteorological Stations in Sichuan Province

  • 摘要: 利用四川省建站以来的区域自动气象站(以下简称“区域站”)逐小时降水数据,通过元数据信息分析、数据完整性分析和数据可用性分析,对区域站长序列高精度的降水数据质量进行评估。结果表明:(1)2007—2022年16年,四川省区域站从2007年的不足1000站,增长至2022年的6557站,站点数逐年递增,并出现了两次快速增长期,分别为2009—2013年和2019—2022年;(2)建站以来,台站位置未发生过变化的有913站,数据连续性达到10年及以上的有4279站,站点建设从四川盆地中部逐步扩大到四川盆地大部分地区,再辐射到攀枝花市和三州(甘孜州、阿坝州和凉山州);(3)从降水数据的完整性看,2007—2012年区域站数据完整性不高且不稳定,2013年开始逐渐转好,大多数站的数据完整性达到95%以上;(4)2013—2022年,0.01°内站点经纬度无变化、数据连续性达10年、逐年4—10月数据完整性均在80%以上的区域站有2245站,对这些站进行质量控制后,逐年4—10月数据可用率均在80%以上的站点有2175站,主要分布在四川盆地和攀枝花市。

     

    Abstract: Using hourly precipitation data from regional automatic meteorological stations (hereinafter referred to as “regional stations”) in Sichuan Province since their establishment, the quality of long-term high-precision precipitation data from regional station is evaluated through metadata information analysis, data integrity analysis and data availability analysis. The results show that: (1) From 2007 to 2022, the number of regional stations in Sichuan Province increased from fewer than 1000 in 2007 to 6557 in 2022., showing year-on-year growth, and two rapid growth periods were from 2009 to 2013 and from 2019 to 2022, respectively. (2) Since the establishment, 913 stations have remained at their original locations. and 4279 stations with data continuity of 10 years or more. The construction of stations has gradually extended from the central part of Sichuan Basin to most areas of Sichuan Basin, and then gradually radiated to Panzhihua City and Sanzhou regions (Ganzi Prefecture, Aba Prefecture, and Liangshan Prefecture). (3) From the perspective of the integrity of precipitation data, the data integrity of regional stations was not high and stable from 2007 to 2012. From 2013, the data integrity gradually improved, with the data integrity achieving over 95% in most stations. (4) From 2013 to 2022, there were 2245 regional stations with no changes in longitude and latitude within 0.01°, data continuity of 10 years, and data integrity of over 80% from April to October each year. After quality control of these stations, there are 2175 stations with data availability of more than 80 % from April to October each year, mainly distributed in the Sichuan Basin and Panzhihua City.

     

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