Abstract: The temperature increase in plateau regions is higher than the global average under global warming. As one of the typical underlying surfaces of plateaus, lakes respond particularly rapidly to climate change. They can regulate the energy and water vapor exchange between the earth and the atmosphere on different temporal and spatial scales, adjust the surface energy balance, influence atmospheric circulation, participate in the carbon cycle, and other processes, thereby exerting far-reaching impacts on regional weather and climate. This paper aims to review the progress and regional effects of lake-atmosphere interaction in plateau lakes. Starting from a comprehensive understanding of research methods on lake-atmosphere interaction and characteristics of lake-atmosphere exchange, this paper discusses their physical mechanisms and potential impacts on the global climate. It also points out the need to further strengthen research on the effects of the atmospheric boundary layer and lake ecological changes on lake-atmosphere interaction, as well as research on lake carbon cycling.