Abstract: Due to its vast area, towering terrain and unique geographical location, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau induces bifurcation of the winter subtropical westerly jet stream. In summer, the intense solar shortwave radiation and land surface sensible heating, together with condensation latent heat release from precipitation, jointly make the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as a huge heat source lifted to the middle layer of the troposphere. The topography and thermal effects of the plateau have been widely investigated for their influence on local weather systems, large-scale circulation, and surrounding weather and climate since the middle of the last century. In recent years, with the accumulation of data and the gradual improvement of model performance, and in the context of global warming, the interactions between the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the three major oceans and polar regions have received increasing attention. This paper aims to review the research progress on the interactions between the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the climate systems of the three major oceans and the polar regions. Firstly, it introduces the surface potential vorticity that characterizes the intrinsic unity of the topography and thermal effects of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Then, it summarizes and sorts out the pathways and mechanisms of the interactions between the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the three major oceans and polar regions, mainly including large-scale stationary waves, the relay effect of the atmosphere-ocean bridge, troposphere-stratosphere coupling, and local zonal circulation. Regarding the in-depth expansion of this field in the future, this paper emphasizes that in addition to the global perspective of multi-layer and multi-scale interactions, new methods such as artificial intelligence with physical process constraints need to be introduced on the basis of the traditional research paradigm to build more effective climate prediction models.