Abstract: Based on the analysis of the distribution characteristics of surface sediments in Tibetan Plateau wetland, the pollution situation and pollution risk of wetland in Tibet Plateau were evaluated by remote sensing technology. The results show that the pollution load index method has a high classification accuracy for the distribution characteristics of surface sediments in Tibet Plateau wetland. In addition to lithium, lead, arsenic, cadmium and mercury, the average concentration of other heavy metal elements in the sediments of the study area is lower than that of the adjacent and domestic average content, indicating that it is less affected by regional human activities and low pollution. Due to the high altitude and less human activities in the study area, the main factors causing the high content of these heavy metals may be atmospheric circulation precipitation, parent rock weathering, long-distance pollutant transport, metal element enrichment and soil development. In the Tibetan Plateau region, there are few human disturbance factors, mainly relying on natural transportation to affect the distribution of pollutants in wetland surface sediments. At the same time, with the influence of pollutant distribution, it may lead to the increase of pollution level in the whole region.