Abstract: Based on conventional observation data and NECP (1°×1°) reanalysis data, this paper compares and analyzes two consecutive cold wave processes occurred in Henan Province from December 28, 2020 to January 7, 2021. The results show the intensity of the Sea of Okhotsk polar vortex and the East Asian trough was stronger than the same period of the previous year, and the northern part of our country was continuously controlled by negative anomalies, which was the background of the two consecutive cold waves. The 500 hPa Lake Baikal trough turned vertical from horizontal and the surface cold high pressure developed and split, leading the cold air southward to cause the cold wave. The cold tongue temperatures at 500 hPa were all lower than −48 ℃, and the center intensities of cold high pressure strength were all above 1075 hPa. The degree of early warming had a positive correlation with the strongest cooling amplitude within 24h or 48h. When the cooling mainly depended on the cold advection, the intensity of the near-surface cold advection multiplied by the influence time could roughly estimate the strongest cooling amplitude after the cold wave broke out. The cold wave and gale started at the stage when the surface air pressure increased significantly, and the gale was also the strongest when the air pressure was the strongest. When the pressure difference between Yiyang, Baofeng and Yan'an reached 9.5 hPa and 12 hPa respectively, the probability of strong winds above 8 in western Henan was extremely high.