Abstract: Based on the ERA5 reanalysis data, the daily concentration data of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ in Chengdu, and the inter-annual emissions data of pollutants (sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, smoke and dust) in the winter from 2014 to 2019, by analyzing the main pollutants of aerosol pollution in the Sichuan Basin in recent 6 years and the correlation between PM_2.5 concentration and meteorological conditions, the impact of meteorological conditions on aerosol pollution in Sichuan Basin was discussed. The results showed that the concentration of aerosol pollutants and the days of severe and heavy pollution in winter in Sichuan Basin in the past six years fluctuated and declined, and the inter-annual variation of pollutant concentration was different from the annual pollutant emissions. The main pollutant was PM_2.5. The PM_2.5 concentration was more closely related to the meteorological conditions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its lower reaches, and there were differences in the correlation between PM2.5 concentration and the meteorological elements in the lower and middle-high troposphere. The concentration of PM_2.5 was significantly positively correlated with the temperature at 850~500 hPa in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its north and east. Among them, it had the strongest correlation with the temperature at 850~750 hPa where an inversion layer was likely to appear over the Sichuan Basin. When the northeast wind at 850 hPa was weak and the relative humidity was high, the westerly wind was strong and the humidity was low at 700 hPa, the high pressure at 500 hPa was strong and the westerly wind was weak, the PM_2.5 concentration was likely to be relatively high, and vice versa.