Abstract: Based on the daily maximum temperature data of Sichuan National Station and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data from 1961 to 2020, the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and causes of extreme hazardous high temperature in Sichuan province in recent 60 years were studied. The results show that: (1) In the past 60 years, the extreme hazardous high temperature in Sichuan province increased significantly, and showed obvious interdecadal changes. (2) The central and northwestern parts of Sichuan province were the areas with high incidence of extremely hazardous high temperature, while the eastern and southern parts were the areas with high occurrence of extremely hazardous high temperature. (3) The extremely hazardous high temperature in Sichuan province might be associated with the abnormal high pressure belt in mid-latitude. The western Pacific subtropical high with abnormal large area, abnormal west ridge point and abnormal north ridge line combined with the Tibetan Plateau (500hPa) abnormal high formed a strong high belt in mid-latitude region. In addition, the longitude of atmospheric circulation at middle and high latitudes was not strong, and the leaning south winds prevailed in Sichuan Basin, making it difficult for cold air to move southward. In coordination with this favorable circulation pattern and under the influence of dry surface environment, extreme hazardous high temperature weather was caused in Sichuan Province.