Abstract: Based on the principle of maximum entropy, the probability distribution of drought-related meteorological elements is derived. The data of daily temperature and daily precipitation from the fully automatic meteorological observation stations in Sichuan Province from 2006 to 2020 and the MCI data of the National Climate Center are used to select the cases that meet the drought criteria of Sichuan Province, and analyze the correlation between meteorological elements and actual disaster losses, so as to study its disaster-causing ability. The obtained drought disaster hazard index can accurately reflect the disaster capacity of a drought process, which is conducive to reducing the difficulty of drought disaster risk assessment.