Abstract: Using the data from the field observation station in the source region of the Yellow River from 2017 to 2018, the characteristics of soil temperature, humidity and freezing and thawing during two snow accumulation periods were analyzed and compared with the soil temperature, humidity and radiation components simulated by CLM4.5 model. The results show that CLM4.5 can simulate the change trend of soil temperature well during the entire snow-packing period; the simulation of the soil moisture content of different soil layers at different freezing stages is different: in the complete freezing stage, the soil moisture content is higher in the 5cm soil layer and lower in the 80cm layer. The simulation deviation of the soil moisture content of 10~40cm is small. Because the snowfall and soil freezing and thawing process mainly occur in the snow cover period, the snow albedo makes the deviation of the net radiation simulation during the snowfall period slightly larger than that during no snowfall.