桂林霾日变化的影响因子分析

Analysis on the Influencing Factors of the Change of Haze Day in Guilin

  • 摘要: 利用1981~2015年桂林气象观测站地面气象资料、PM2.5资料,分析桂林霾日变化的影响因子。结果表明:桂林霾日数在过去35年呈明显上升趋势,气候倾向率为24.6d/10a,在1995年经历过一次明显突变,这种变化主要原因有人类活动和气象因子的变化。各因子中PM2.5浓度影响着霾日数的月、日分布,1月和7月是桂林PM2.5高值、低值月份,也是霾出现最多、最少月份。PM2.5浓度和霾出现频率日变化趋势相似,均为双峰型。各气象因子中,降水量≥0.1mm、最大风速≥5m/s日数的减少以及年均相对湿度下降是霾增加的重要原因,逆温也影响霾日、月分布,用逆温层厚度和高度能较好的反映出霾期间PM2.5浓度水平。

     

    Abstract: Based on the surface meteorological data and PM2.5 data observed at Guilin Meteorological Observatory from 1981 to 2015,this paper analyzes the influencing factors of the change of Haze Day in Guilin.The results show that the number of haze days in Guilin has an obvious rising trend in the past 35 years,and its climate tendency rate is 24.6 d/10 a.In 1995,it experienced an obvious abrupt change,which is mainly due to the change of human activities and meteorological factors.The PM2.5 concentration in each factor affects the monthly and daily distribution of Haze Days,of which January and July are PM2.5 for high and low value months in Guilin,which is also the most haze occurrence,the least month.The trend of PM2.5 concentration and haze frequency Day Change is similar,all are bimodal distribution.Among the meteorological factors,the decrease of precipitation ≥0.1mm,maximum wind speed ≥5m.s-1 days and the decrease of average annual relative humidity are the important reasons for the increase of haze,and the inverse temperature also affects the daily and monthly distribution of haze,which can better reflect the level of PM2.5 concentration during haze with inversion layer thickness and height.

     

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