Abstract: This paper uses landsat satellite data and glacier vector catalog data and meteorological observation data as data sources. Using GIS spatial analysis methods and climate statistics methods, the characteristics of glaciers and glacial lakes in the Nianchu River Basin of Tibet from 1987 to 2014 were extracted and analyzed. The results show: there were 82 glaciers in the Nianchu River Basin in 1987, The total area of glaciers showed a decreasing trend, and the area of glaciers decreased by 18.386km² (8.34%),the rate of change was -5.23km²/10a From 1987 to 2014.There were 8 glacial lakes with an area greater than 0.2km² In 1987. The total area of glacial lakes increased 1.468km² (6.77%), with a rate of change of 0.323km²/10a From 1987 to 2014.The annual precipitation in the year of the Nianchu River Basin does not change significantly. The annual average temperature shows an upward trend with a rate of change of 0.28℃/10a. Precipitation has little effect on the changes in glaciers and glacial lakes, the continued increase in temperature is a major factor in the change of glaciers and glacial lakes.