Abstract: In order to explore the applicability of FY 3 data in monitoring drought in Chongqing, Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index(TVDI) was used as the index to monitor and analyze Chongqing’s drought condition in the summer of 2015. Compared with Aqua/MODIS data, the result has shown that Chongqing is mainly affected by slight and moderate drought in summer, while heavy drought usually occurs in the west. Moreover, the drought has been aggravating and extending since July. Combined with DEM(Digital Elevation Model) and MODIS land cover data, Chongqing is divided into four categories: low-altitude mingled forest, middle-altitude mingled forest, Low elevation and small undulating mountain crops, Low elevation and middle undulating mountain crops, which applies to analyze the drought affection based on different landforms. The drought affection area in crops is bigger than in mingled forest, and in low-altitude bigger than in middle-altitude. Soil moisture data from 170 ground stations in Chongqing have been taken as the verification to verify the accuracy of the TVDI-based drought monitoring results. It tells that the correlation between FY3A / VIRR data and Aqua / MODIS data is good whether in overall situation or in different types of soil surface, and the correlation coefficient is significantly correlated at 0.1 level (bilateral), which shows that TVDI actually can reflect the soil moisture situation in Chongqing. The two data still have some differences to some degree: On the whole, the correlation between Aqua / MODIS data and soil moisture is higher than that of FY3A / VIRR data; After classification, the correlation between FY3A / VIRR data and soil moisture is higher than that of Aqua / MODIS data.