Abstract: In order to study the effect of regional automatic station data on numerical model，the assimlation experiments have been done according to multigroup testing program to analyse the infulence of the data on the initial value and prediction of the model based on the data of southwest regional autumatic station and southwest regional model system.The researches show that the assimilation of southwest regional automatical station data has definite positive effect，such as improving surface meterological elements，increasing TSscore value of 24h light rain forecast， giving more accuracy describing of precipitation area and low vortex structure， but the effect is non-significant.Comparatively speaking，whether assimlating regional sattion data is more significant in stronger precipitation process.The data assimilated is more and the effect is greater.The assimilation effect of AWS-2015 is better than that of AWS-2016.How to obtain better effect of regional automatic station data on numerical assimilation and simulation，an in depth-study will been need.